Bird flu has returned to Pennsylvania, affecting the region’s avian population once again. Recent findings indicate that the virus has likely claimed the lives of about 400 snow geese in Northampton County, as stated by a Pennsylvania Game Commission spokesperson.
The agency was informed of these bird fatalities on a recent Friday, and a press release was issued the following Tuesday to confirm the unfortunate discovery.
High Path Avian Influenza (HPAI), a highly contagious virus, compromises birds’ nervous systems and can decimate flocks within a short period. Researchers have likened its effects to pneumonia due to the gasping in affected birds, while others compare its neurological impact to rabies.
The Return of Bird Flu in 2025
Pennsylvania is once again contending with the persistent threat of bird flu. The virus first made significant inroads in 2022, when a commercial chicken flock in Lancaster County was infected, as noted in a report.
While the spread of the virus appeared to slow over the ensuing years, a resurgence was observed from late 2024 to early 2025, particularly affecting wild bird populations, according to the Pennsylvania Game Commission’s press release. Although the spread eventually decreased, the virus is still present at lower levels.
Though official test results are pending, the circumstances in Northampton strongly suggest bird flu as the cause of death for the geese. The specific location remains undisclosed to protect privacy, but it is near where numerous birds perished earlier this year.
In February, the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture noted that several commercial poultry farms across Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon, and Lehigh counties experienced infections and rapid bird deaths, as initially detected in their tests (source).
Open areas such as quarries and farmlands with nearby water sources are particularly susceptible to bird flu, as migratory birds often use these locations as temporary stops during their migration.
Protecting Against Avian Influenza
According to the Pennsylvania Game Commission and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), avian influenza poses minimal risk to the broader public. The CDC reports that there is currently no evidence of human-to-human transmission. Since 2024, there have been 71 human cases, including two fatalities in the U.S.
Individuals working with poultry and livestock face higher risks but can mitigate these through biosecurity measures such as thorough handwashing after handling animals and wearing dedicated footwear for farm activities.
While raw or unpasteurized animal products can transmit bird flu, consuming properly cooked foods remains safe.
